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Pakistan came into being after a long struggle of Muslims
of sub-continent for their own homeland. This article
covers history of Pakistan from 1885-1947. The summary
of all important events during this period are given
below.
Formation of National Congress
The first political party of indian subcontinent, Indian
National Congress was formed in 1885. The founder of
All Indian National Congress was a British not a native
Indian. This party was formed to express the demands
of Indian people before government in a constitutional
way.
Shimla Deputation
In 1905 when Lord Minto(who was known for his administrative
qualities) came to India as Viceroy, Muslims leaders
decided to meet the Viceroy. Muslims leaders led by
Sir Agha Khan, called upon him in 1906. The deputation,
which came to be known as Simla Deputation in the history
of freedom movement, included some eminent leaders of
Muslims all over the Sub-Continent.
Formation of Muslim League
National Congress was the only representative of people
of india untill on 30th December, 1906,a political party
for Muslims of India was formed given the name of “All
India Muslim League” at Dacca. Nawab viqar-ul-Mulk was
appointed as the president of newly born organization
and Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk as the General Secretary. The
Muslim League was fomed to protect the rights of Muslims
from Hindus, who are in Majority.
1st session of All India Muslim League
The 1st session of All India Muslim League was held
on 29th December, 1907 in Karachi under the chairmanship
of Sir Adamjee Pirbhai.
Lucknow Pact
In 1916, the Muslim League and Congress for the 1st
time in history of India held their sessions in Lucknow
and agreed on a scheme of constitutional reforms known
as “Lucknow Pact”. This is the first time in the history
of India that Hindus agreed on the fact that Muslims
of Indian Sub-Continent are a seperate nation.
Khilafat Movement
In 1917, Khilafat Movement was started to protect Khilafat
in Turkey.
Meeting with British Prime Minister
In 1919, Khilafat delegation left for England
and met the Prime Minister Lloyed George.
Hijrat Movement
In 1924, Hijrat Movement Started but this movement failed
to produce any results.
Simon Commission
In 1927, Simon commission came to India but it was
boycotted by both i.e. Muslim League and Congress.
Nehru Report
In 1927, Nehru put forward his report, which was rejected
by Muslims.
14 Points of Quaid-e-Azam
In response of Nehru report, in 1929 Quaid-e-Azam put
forward his Fourteen Points.
Two Nation Theory
IN 1930, Allama Iqbal in his presidential address at
Allahbad presented “Two Nation Theory”.
Elections 1936-37
As a results of elections in 1936-37, there were Congress
Ministries.
End of Congress Rule
In 1939, Congress rule came to an end.
Pakistan Resolution
In 1940, Pakistan resolution was passed in Lahore.
According to this resolution, Mulims leaders decided
that Muslims of India should have a seperate country
of their own.
Cripps mission
In 1942, Cripps mission arrived in India.
Ghandi Quaid-e-Azam talks
In 1944, there was a session of meetings between Gandhi
and Quaid-e-Azam but there were no outcomes.
Elections 1945-46
In the 1945-46 elections, Muslim League enjoys a land
slide victory in Muslim majority areas both in centeral
assembly and in provincal assembly.
June 3 Plan
On 3rd June, 1947 “June 3 Plan” was announced. In this
plan Prime Minister Atlee declared in Parliament that
India would be freed by 20th of February, 1948.
Independence of Pakistan
On 14th of August, 1947 Pakistan came into being and
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah becomes the first governer
general of Pakistan.
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